Evaluation of Bone Repair Using a New Biphasic Synthetic Bioceramic (Plenum® Osshp) in Critical Calvaria Defect in Rats.

(1) Background: Biphasic bioceramics are synthetic bone substitutes that provide greater safety and better predictability in guided bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the bone repair process using a new biphasic bioceramic of synthetic origin (Plenum® Osshp-70HA: 30ß-TCP) in critical calvarial defects. (2) Methods: seventy-four defects were created in rat calvaria and divided into two groups-Plenum® Osshp (PO), right side, and Straumann® BoneCeramic™ (BC), left side. Euthanasia was performed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. (3) Results: Lower gene expression was observed for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and higher expression for Integrin Binding Sialoprotein (IBSP). The results correlated with moderate immunolabeling for osteocalcin (OCN) and slight immunolabeling for osteopontin (OPN) in the PO group. Histometry showed a greater amount of biomaterial remaining in the PO group at 60 days. The microtomographic analysis showed a lower density of bone connectivity and a greater thickness of the trabeculae for the remnants of the PO group. (4) Conclusions: the Plenum® Osshp showed no differences compared to BoneCeramic™ and is therefore considered an effective option as a synthetic bone substitute in bone regeneration.

Accuracy of Manual and Virtual Predictive Tracings in Patients Submitted to Orthognathic Surgery.

Cephalometric tracing done manually was considered gold standard for the cephalometric analysis in the last decades. The digital radiographs began to be commonly used in order to make that in a digital way. The objective was to define the accuracy of the predictive and final cephalometric tracings performed manually and virtually. The authors selected 20 patients submitted to bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The data were collected from lateral cephalometric radiographs, in the preoperative and postoperative periods. The interest were: points, angles (Sella-Nasion to A point angle; Sella-Nasion to B point angle; Frankfurt plane to Mandibular plane angle; Frankfurt plane to occlusal plane angle; Upper and lower central incisors long axes angle; Incisor to Mandibular plane angle; Upper incisor axis to Sella-Nasion plane angle) distances (Co-A; Co-Gn). Data were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk, analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The measurement differences were compared using a t test. Descriptive statistics were performed in Excel 2013 and SPSS software, P <0.05 being considered significant. No statistically significant difference was found between the mean values predictive and postoperative of the angles and distances within the manual and digital groups. When comparing the means of the differences between the predictive values and the final values, only the 1:1 angle presented a statistically significant difference, indicating a greater accuracy of the digital predictive tracing for this measure. In conclusion, both methods for obtaining predictive tracings are accurate, which shows that clinical results can be successfully simulated by the most accessible technique.

Titanium Mesh Exposure After Bone Grafting: Treatment Approaches-A Systematic Review.

Study Design: A systematic review according to PRISMA statement has been designed to answer the preliminary question: "In titanium mesh exposures, is there a treatment alternative which leads to an increased graft maintenance?" and fill the PICO assessment out. Objective: To review studies published in the past 20 years (1999-2019) in which mesh exposure has occurred, detecting the suitable approaches to treat exposure allowing the graft maintenance. Methods: Initial search on PUBMED, SCOPUS, and COCHRANE databases resulted in 777 articles, and hand-searching identified 6 articles. After removing duplicates and unrelated articles, eligibility criteria were applied, and 31 studies were selected (randomized clinical trials, retrospective/prospective clinical trials, and case series). Results: A total of 677 surgical sites and 225 cases of mesh exposure were identified. Eleven treatments have been identified. Chlorhexidine was the primary approach in 46% of cases, followed by oral hygiene instructions and follow-up with 22.5% of occurrences. In 21% of clinical situations, titanium mesh removal was the treatment of choice, associated with other measures (i.e., antibiotic prescription). There seems to be a consensus in cases of infection. When this complication was associated with tissue dehiscence, the primary treatment was mesh removal. The same does not occur when the site needs to be cleaned for long-term periods. Conclusion: In 2 decades of use of titanium meshes, the available treatments do not seem to have evolved, and there is not enough data to establish a guideline.

How obesity affects nasal function in obstructive sleep apnea: anatomic and volumetric parameters / Como a obesidade afeta a função nasal na apneia obstrutiva do sono: parâmetros anatômicos e volumétricos,

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea is a consequence of upper airway collapse. Any obstructive sector in the upper airway can contribute to pharyngeal collapse. Obesity and obesity-related disorders play an important role in obstructive sleep apnea and its relationship with increased upper airway resistance. Objective This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between obesity and properties of the nasal cavity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Methods The study was conducted retrospectively by review of medical records of adult patients. The nasal obstruction symptom evaluation, NOSE instrument, was used to measure nasal obstruction. Sleep breathing disorders were evaluated by polysomnography exams. Nasal volume was obtained by computed tomography scans and volumetric reconstruction of nasal airway. Nasal anatomic alterations were assessed by nasal endoscopy. Results Analysis of 83 patient records, among whom 54 were male and 29 females, found the mean body mass index of 28.69 kg/m2. Obese and non-obese groups were determined by using cut-off 30 kg/m2. In the comparison between groups, the obese group had a positive and significant correlation with apnea/hypopnea index (p= 0.02), NOSE instrument (p= 0.033) and inferior turbinate hypertrophy (p= 0.036), with odds ratio 1.983 (95% IC 1.048 − 3.753). nasal septum deviation (p= 0.126) and nasal airway volume evaluation (p= 0.177) showed no significant results. Conclusion Obesity was significantly correlated with subjective nasal obstruction, NOSE scale, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. There was no correlation with the nasal volume evaluation. Level of Evidence 3b - Individual case-control study.

Resumo Introdução A apneia obstrutiva do sono é consequência do colapso das vias aéreas superiores Qualquer região de obstrução nas vias aéreas superiores pode contribuir para o colapso da faringe. A obesidade e os distúrbios relacionados à obesidade desempenham um papel importante na apneia obstrutiva do sono e sua relação com o aumento da resistência das vias aéreas superiores. Objetivo Avaliar a relação entre a obesidade e as propriedades da cavidade nasal em pacientes com apneia obstrutiva do sono. Método O estudo foi feito retrospectivamente através da revisão de prontuários médicos de pacientes adultos. O instrumento de avaliação NOSE, do inglês nasal obstruction symptom evaluation, foi usado para avaliar a obstrução nasal. Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono foram avaliados através de exames polissonográficos. O volume nasal foi obtido por tomografia computadorizada e a reconstrução volumétrica das vias aéreas nasais. As alterações anatômicas nasais foram avaliadas por endoscopia nasal. Resultados A análise dos prontuários de 83 pacientes, entre os quais 54 eram do sexo masculino e 29 do feminino, encontrou um índice de massa corporal médio de 28,69 kg/m2. Os grupos obeso e não obeso foram determinados com o ponto de corte de 30 kg/m2. Na comparação entre os grupos, o grupo obeso apresentou correlação positiva e significante com o índice de apneia/hipopneia (p = 0,02), instrumento NOSE (p = 0,033) e hipertrofia da concha inferior (p = 0,036), com uma odds ratio de 1,983 (IC95%: 1,048 a 3,753). A avaliação do desvio do septo nasal (p = 0,126) e do volume das vias aéreas nasais (p = 0,177) não mostrou resultados significantes. Conclusão A obesidade correlacionou-se significantemente com a obstrução nasal subjetiva pela escala NOSE e hipertrofia de concha inferior em pacientes com apneia obstrutiva do sono. Não houve correlação com a avaliação do volume nasal. Nível de evidência 3b. Estudo de caso-controle individual.

How obesity affects nasal function in obstructive sleep apnea: anatomic and volumetric parameters.

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea is a consequence of upper airway collapse. Any obstructive sector in the upper airway can contribute to pharyngeal collapse. Obesity and obesity-related disorders play an important role in obstructive sleep apnea and its relationship with increased upper airway resistance. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between obesity and properties of the nasal cavity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS: The study was conducted retrospectively by review of medical records of adult patients. The nasal obstruction symptom evaluation, NOSE instrument, was used to measure nasal obstruction. Sleep breathing disorders were evaluated by polysomnography exams. Nasal volume was obtained by computed tomography scans and volumetric reconstruction of nasal airway. Nasal anatomic alterations were assessed by nasal endoscopy. RESULTS: Analysis of 83 patient records, among whom 54 were male and 29 females, found the mean body mass index of 28.69 kg/m2. Obese and non-obese groups were determined by using cut-off 30 kg/m2. In the comparison between groups, the obese group had a positive and significant correlation with apnea/hypopnea index (p = 0.02), NOSE instrument (p = 0.033) and inferior turbinate hypertrophy (p = 0.036), with odds ratio 1.983 (95% IC 1.048 - 3.753). nasal septum deviation (p = 0.126) and nasal airway volume evaluation (p = 0.177) showed no significant results. CONCLUSION: Obesity was significantly correlated with subjective nasal obstruction, NOSE scale, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. There was no correlation with the nasal volume evaluation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b - Individual case-control study.

Bone formation after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion: comparison of 2 distraction osteogenesis protocols.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare bone formation between 2 distraction osteogenesis protocols by analyzing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan data. STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective study, the efficacy of 2 different surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion protocols (group 1 [G1], 3 × 0.25 mm/d; group 2 [G2], 1 mm start followed by 2 × 0.25 mm/d) was analyzed using CBCT scans obtained at 3 time points: preoperatively (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), and 6 months after surgery (T2). Bone formation at T0, T1, and T2 was analyzed using the Dolphin Imaging 11 program. RESULTS: At T1, both groups had significantly higher bone volume than at T0 (G1, 135.6 vs 124.65 mm3, respectively; G2, 153.49 vs 118.9 mm3, respectively), with no significant difference between groups (P = .6). Moreover, bone density measured in the region of interest was similar between groups at all 3 time points; however, in both groups, bone density was significantly lower at T1 and T2 than at T0 (P < .01), with no difference between T1 and T2. CONCLUSIONS: Bone density between the incisors decreased with progressive distraction (i.e., increasing volume), regardless of the distraction protocol used; thus, both protocols can be used safely in clinical practice. Nevertheless, our results indicate that stress should not be applied to the incisors within 6 months of surgery, regardless of the protocol used. Surgeons and orthodontists should therefore consider immature bone formation and avoid using excessive force to close a diastema.

Autogenous Dental Transplantation in a Patient Undergoing Class III Dento-Facial Deformity.

Dental transplantation is an alternative for rehabilitation with a high success rate. This article presents a clinical case of autogenous dental transplantation in a 17-year-old male patient undergoing treatment for Class III dento-facial deformity. After 32 months followup, low-cost rehabilitation was possible, and without prejudice to ortho-surgical treatment.

Le Fort I Down-Fracture for Management of Midface Tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To perform an integrative review associating current literature with a clinical series regarding the use of Le Fort I osteotomy for the removal of tumors located in the midface and central region of the skull base. METHODS: A systematic review was performed through the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases. In addition, 4 different patients operated using the above-cited technique are described in this study. RESULTS: Initially, 123 articles were found. After the removal of duplicates, and title and abstract reading, 27 articles were selected for data extraction. The Le Fort I surgical approach of tumors was performed in 183 patients. CONCLUSION: The Le Fort I surgical approach allows lesion exeresis with good visualization, low rates of recurrences and complications, and without aesthetic compromises for the patient.

Maxillofacial Manifestation of a Giant Dimension Cranial Osteoma.

Osteoma is the most frequent benign tumor in the craniomaxillofacial region. The most common initial manifestation is facial pressure or headache.The clinical examination showed increased volume in the right supraorbital region, asymmetry of the orbital contour, exophthalmia, dystopia, proptosis and clinical restraint of ocular movement for supraversion. The lesion measured approximately 4 cm in diameter with irregular contour. Osteotomy was performed with saw surrounding the tumor, with aid of a surgical piezo on the orbital medial wall.The result of histopathological examination was osteoma. The patient is 2.5 years postoperatively and so far without complications.

Energy partitioning in cattle fed diets based on tropical forage with the inclusion of antibiotic additives.

The aim of this study was to describe energy partitioning in dairy crossbreed bulls fed tropical forage-based diets supplemented with different additives. Twenty F1 crossbred bulls (Holstein x Gyr) with initial and final live weight (LW) averages of 190 ± 17 and 275 ± 20 kg were fed sorghum (Sorghum bicolour) and Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania) silage (70:30 DM basis) with supplemented concentrate at a forage to concentrate ratio of 50:50. The bulls were allocated to four treatment: control groups (without additives), monensin [22 mg/kg monensin dry matter (DM)] (M), virginiamycin (30 mg/kg virginiamycin DM) (V), and combination (22 mg/kg DM of monensin and 30 mg/kg DM of virginiamycin) (MV), in a completely randomised design. The intake of gross energy (GE, MJ/d), digestible energy (DE, MJ/d), metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/d), as well as energy losses in the form of faeces, urine, methane, heat production (HE), and retained energy (RE) were measured. Faecal output was measured in apparent digestibility trial. Right after the apparent digestibility trial, urine samples were collected in order to estimate the daily urinary production of the animals. Heat and methane production were measured in an open circuit respirometry chamber. The intake of GE, DE, and ME of the animals receiving monensin and virginiamycin alone or in combination (MV) showed no differences (P>0.05) from the control treatment. However, the MV treatment reduced (P<0.05) the methane production (5.44 MJ/d) compared to the control group (7.33 MJ/d), expressed in MJ per day, but not when expressed related to gross energy intake (GEI) (CH4, % GEI) (P = 0.34). Virginiamycin and monensin alone or in combination did not change (P>0.05) the utilization efficiency of ME for weight gain, RE and net gain energy. This study showed that for cattle fed tropical forages, the combination of virginiamycin and monensin as feed additives affected their energy metabolism by a reduction in the energy lost as methane.

Maxillary osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis: Systematic review.

Osteopetrosis is a rare condition which presents increased bone density and deficient bone remodeling. The consequential complications include cranial nerve impairment due compression, bone fractures, and osteomyelitis. Maxillary osteomyelitis is uncommon even in osteopetrosis patients. This is a systematic review of the literature regarding the management and outcomes of maxillary osteomyelitis in patients with autosomal dominant osteopetrosis (ADO) type II. A case of this specific pathology is reported. There are 18 cases of maxillary osteomyelitis associated with ADO type II reported in the literature. The mean age of the patients reported was 33.5 (SD 15.9) years, and the male:female ratio was 1:1. Antibiotic therapy was variable, and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was the main choice (33.33%). Surgery or sequestrectomy was performed in 88.89% of the studies. Complete healing was achieved in only 44.4% of cases. The treatment protocols remain controversial and often do not lead to complete healing. In the case that we report, complete healing was achieved after prolonged antibiotic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and partial resection. In conclusion, the management of maxillary osteomyelitis in ADO type II patients is challenging, and complete resolution of the process is dependent on multiple interventions.

Energy metabolism and partition of lactating Zebu and crossbred Zebu cows in different planes of nutrition.

The aim of this study was to determine the energy metabolism and partition of lactating Gyr and F1 Holstein x Gyr (F1 HxG) cows in different planes of nutrition. Six F1 HxG and six Gyr cows with 130 days in milking (DIM) fed corn silage and concentrate were evaluated. The experiment consisted of four periods with different levels of feeding: 1st ad libitum dry matter intake (DMI) and the others with 5, 10 and 20% restricted DMI, related to the first one. An apparent digestibility assay was performed before measurements in the respiration chamber. Total feces were collected for three days. The cows were confined for 24h in the chamber in each period to determine methane and heat production (HP). F1 HxG had higher gross energy intake (GEI), metabolisable energy intake (MEI) and digestible energy intake (DEI). GE lost in feces was higher in F1 HxG (23.7% GEI) than in Gyr (20.5%) cows. Energy lost as methane and urine was similar between the groups. The metabolisability (q) was 0.67, and the efficiency of converting ME to NE (k) was 0.56. There was no difference in the energy requirements for maintenance between breeds (426.6 MJ/kg BW0,75 average value). The energy requirements for lactation were higher in F1 HxG animals due to the higher volume of milk produced, since there was no difference in energy requirements for production of one kg of milk.

Three-Dimensional Printed Model and Transantral Endoscopy to Orbital Fracture Repair.

Orbital fractures are high prevalent and result in several complications such as diplopia, muscular entrapment, visual impairment, and enophthalmos. The goal of orbital reconstruction is to restore orbital anatomy, volume, and globe symmetry. This case report aims to describe the use of transantral endoscopy and 3D printed model for treatment of an orbital floor fracture. A 54-year-old woman presented orbital floor fracture with diplopia and extraocular muscle entrapment. The surgical treatment was performed using a standard titanium mesh bended over 3D printed model, and transantral endoscopy to verify fracture extension and implant adaptation. The postoperative evaluation demonstrates correction of diplopia and ocular motility restriction. Computed tomography scan showed reestablishment of the orbital anatomy. The association of transantral endoscopy and 3D printed models is a feasible technique to improve orbital reconstruction.

Root Fracture as Complication of Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion.

A 23 year old male patient was submitted to surgical assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). There were any postoperative complications until the finish of orthodontic expansion process. However, in the 30th postoperative day, patient mentioned pain in upper central incisor. Periapical radiography evidenced a root fracture of central upper right incisor. After endodontic treatment, the fractured apex was removed. After 3 years of follow-up, the patient finished orthodontics, and the damaged tooth was in good aspect. Apical fracture is an unexpected complication of SARME. However, follow-up and correct treatment lead to a good prognosis for tooth maintenance.

Avaliação de uma proposta educativa em saúde bucal aplicada ao ensino básico / Evaluation of an oral health educational purpose applied to primary education

OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou a assimilação e as práticas preventivas em saúde bucal adotadas por professores e alunos após um programa educativo em saúde bucal em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O programa foi desenvolvido por integrantes dos cursos de Odontologia e Pedagogia de uma instituição de ensino superior e visou discutir o papel da escola na educação em saúde. Atividades de formação continuada foram realizadas com professores e alunos da 3ª série (4º ano). Assuntos de saúde bucal foram discutidos com professores e alunos para determinar as suas ideias e conhecimentos sobre a saúde oral. Os efeitos das intervenções educativas foram coletadas e avaliadas. RESULTADOS: Com este programa educacional, foi possível verificar a importância dos professores como multiplicadores de saúde entre as crianças, mas a falta de treinamento foi observado. Ao longo e após a intervenção, houve mudança nos hábitos de higiene bucal dos alunos. CONCLUSÕES: Concluiu-se que a melhoria da saúde oral esteve associada com o programa educativo e preventivo. Entretanto o estudo apontou a necessidade de repensar as práticas educativas para a saúde bucal

AIM: This study evaluated the assimilation and preventive oral health practices of teachers and students after an oral health educational program in a public elementary school. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The program was developed by members of the Dentistry and Pedagogy courses from a higher education institution and aimed to discuss the school role in health education. Continuing education activities were performed with teachers and a group of students from the third grade (4th year). Oral health subjects were discussed with teachers and students to determine their ideas and knowledge on oral health. The effects of the educational interventions were recorded and evaluated. RESULTS: With this educational program it was possible to check the importance of teachers as health multipliers among children, but a lack of training was observed. Along and after the intervention, there was change in oral hygiene habits of students. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the oral health improvement was associated with the educational and preventive program. However the study pointed out the need to rethink the educative actions

Composition and antiproliferative effect of essential oil of Origanum vulgare against tumor cell lines.

Cancer is a leading cause of death and is responsible for one in eight deaths worldwide. The use of herbs as complementary medicine for cancer, especially advanced cancer, has recently increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro, the antiproliferative effect of Origanum vulgare against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29). The essential oil (EO) was extracted from a bought amount of O. vulgare dried leaves and analyzed in a gas chromatograph interfaced with a mass selective detector. The cytotoxicity test was performed by sulforhodamine B assay. The results show that the EO is composed mostly of 4-terpineol and induces a high cytotoxicity effect in HT-29. In the MCF-7 cell line the EO was less effective. In conclusion, this study showed that O. vulgare main component is 4-terpineol and was effective in inducing cancer cell growth inhibition.

Antiproliferative activity of flower hexane extract obtained from Mentha spicata associated with Mentha rotundifolia against the MCF7, KB, and NIH/3T3 cell lines.

This study assessed the antiproliferative effect in vitro of the flower hexane extract obtained from Mentha spicata associated with Mentha rotundifolia against the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB), and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cell lines, using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. A cell density of 2×10(4)/well was seeded in 96-well plates, and samples at different concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 mg/mL were tested. The optical density was determined in an ELISA multiplate reader (Thermo Plate TP-Reader). Results demonstrated that the hexane extract presented antiproliferative activity against both the tumor cell lines KB and MCF-7, presenting a GI(50) (MCF-7=13.09 mg/mL), TGI (KB=37.76 mg/mL), and IL(50) (KB=291.07 mg/mL). Also, the hexane extract presented antiproliferative activity toward NIH 3T3 cells GI(50) (183.65 mg/mL), TGI (280.54 mg/mL), and IL(50) (384.59 mg/mL). The results indicate that the flower hexane extract obtained from M. spicata associated with M. rotundifolia presents an antineoplastic activity against KB and MCF-7, although an antiproliferative effect at a high concentration of the extract was observed toward NIH 3T3.

Differences in blood glucose increase between horses receiving xylazine and detomidine for surgical and non-surgical clinical procedures / Diferenças no aumento da glicemia entre equinos recebendo xilazina e detomidina para procedimentos clínicos cirúrgicos e não-cirúrgicos

The aim of this prospective randomized clinical study was to compare blood glucose and cortisol levels between horses receiving xylazine and detomidine for surgical and non-surgical procedures. Horses from non-surgical groups received 0.5 mg/kg of xylazine (GX group, n=5) or 0.01 mg/kg of detomidine (GD group, n=5) for gastroscopic examination. Horses from the surgical groups received similar doses of xylazine (AX group, n=7) or detomidine (AD group, n=7), followed by anesthetic induction with 2 mg/kg of ketamine and 0.05 mg/kg of diazepam for an arthroscopic procedure under isoflurane anesthesia. Blood samples were obtained prior to the alpha-2 agonist administration (baseline) and after 10, 30, 60 and 90 minutes. All groups had a significant increase in blood glucose from 30 to 90 minutes after alpha-2 agonist administration, compared to baseline. After receiving the alpha-2 agonist, the AD group had blood glucose levels (118-150 mg/dL) significantly higher than GD (99-119 mg/dL) and AX (97-116 mg/dL) groups. Cortisol had no significant changes within a group. However, the AX group had cortisol levels (3.6-3.7 mg/dL) significantly lower than GX group (5.4-5.7 mg/dL) from 30 to 90 minutes after xylazine administration. We concluded that blood glucose levels were when detomidine was administered for surgical procedure, compared to xylazine also for surgical procedure, and non-surgical procedure. Serum cortisol was minimally affected by administration of xylazine and detomidine regardless procedures were surgical or non-surgical.

O objetivo deste estudo clínico, radomizado e prospectivo, foi comparar as concentrações sanguíneas de glicose e cortisol entre equinos recebendo xilazina e detomidina para procedimentos cirúrgicos e não-cirúrgicos. Os equinos dos grupos nãocirúrgicos receberam 0,5 mg/kg de xilazina (grupo GX, n=5) ou 0,01 mg/kg de detomidina (grupo GD, n=5) para realização de exame gastroscópico. Os equinos dos grupos cirúrgicos receberam doses semelhantes de xilazina (grupo AX, n=7) ou detomidina (grupo AD, n=7), seguindo-se a indução anestésica com 2 mg/kg de cetamina e 0,05 mg/kg de diazepam para realização de procedimento artroscópico durante anestesia com isofluorano. As amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes da administração do alfa-2 agonista (basal) e após 10, 30, 60 e 90 minutos. Todos os grupos tiveram um aumento significativo da glicemia, a partir de 30 até 90 minutos da administração do alfa-2 agonista, em relação ao basal. Após receber o alfa-2 agonista, o grupo AD apresentou glicemia (118-150 mg/dL) significativamente maior que os grupos GD (99-119 mg/dL) e AX (97-116 mg/dL). Não houve diferenças significativas da concentração de cortisol dentro de cada grupo. Entretanto, o grupo AX apresentou níveis de cortisol (3,6-3,7 mg/dL) significativamente mais baixos que o grupo GX (5,4-5,7 mg/dL), a partir de 30 até 90 minutos da administração de xilazina. Concluímos que a glicemia apresentou valor mais elevadoapós a administração de detomidina para realização de procedimento cirúrgico, comparado à xilazina administrada também para procedimento cirúrgico, e para procedimento não-cirúrgico. A concentração sérica de cortisol foi minimamente influenciada pela administração de xilazina e detomidina independentemente dos procedimentos serem cirúrgicos ou não-cirúrgicos.